What is lymphatic drainage?
Lymphatic drainage is a specific massage technique designed to stimulate lymph circulation. It involves slow, gentle, rhythmic movements performed in the natural direction of lymphatic circulation, with very slight variations in pressure.
Lymph is a clear fluid that circulates in the lymphatic vessels parallel to the veins. It transports excess fluids, proteins and cellular waste to the lymph nodes, which act as filters for the immune system. These nodes help eliminate toxins and trigger the body's defences against infection. Unlike blood, lymph does not have a central pump like the heart: its circulation depends mainly on body movements and muscle contraction.
When this circulation is slowed down, particularly due to a sedentary lifestyle, prolonged immobilisation or cancer surgery involving the removal of lymph nodes, lymph can stagnate in the tissues, causing swelling (oedema or lymphoedema), a feeling of heaviness in the limbs or premature ageing of the tissues.
Manual lymphatic drainage
Manual lymphatic drainage aims to improve lymph circulation. Using light pressure, the therapist stimulates the lymphatic vessels located under the skin and redirects the lymph to areas where it can be drained. This technique promotes the resorption of swelling and the reintegration of lymph into the bloodstream.
What are the benefits of lymphatic drainage?
Lymphatic drainage can be performed on any area of the body that has a scar, oedema or has undergone radiotherapy.
Treatment of oedema and lymphoedema: one of the main benefits of lymphatic drainage is its ability to decongest swollen areas, reduce the volume of the affected limbs and relieve subcutaneous pain. In cases of chronic lymphoedema, when combined with comprehensive patient care, this massage technique helps restore mobility and quality of life.
During and after cancer: lymphatic drainage has proven effective in treating lymphoedema caused by cancer, particularly after the removal of lymph nodes (the nodules found along the lymphatic system). In the case of breast cancer, it helps to reduce oedema caused by a mastectomy or axillary lymph node dissection. The massage, which focuses on the breast, armpit and arm area, helps to relieve pain following surgery and optimises healing by stimulating lymph circulation. It also helps to prevent the risk of chronic lymphoedema.
Post-surgical and post-traumatic recovery: because it acts on microcirculation, lymphatic drainage promotes rapid resorption of oedema and haematomas caused by an accident or surgery. It also supports healing and limits the risk of complications, while helping to restore range of motion and reduce pain.
Heavy legs and circulatory disorders: lymphatic drainage is effective in relieving the feeling of heavy legs, swollen ankles and discomfort associated with venous insufficiency. By draining excess interstitial fluid, it reduces pressure on the venous system and provides a feeling of lightness in the lower limbs.
Key points
Lymphatic drainage is a therapeutic massage that can relieve a variety of conditions. To be fully beneficial and performed safely, this technique must be practised by a certified therapist, on medical advice. The doctor determines the method, frequency and areas to be treated, thus ensuring appropriate and optimal care for the patient.
FAQ about lymphatic drainage
Is lymphatic drainage covered by Swiss health insurance?
Yes. In Switzerland, lymphatic drainage is covered by basic health insurance (LAMal) when prescribed by a doctor and performed by a certified physiotherapist.
Is lymphatic drainage useful for cellulite?
Yes. Lymphatic drainage can help reduce the appearance of certain types of cellulite linked to water retention. By improving lymph circulation and limiting fluid stagnation in the tissues, it helps smooth the skin and reduce swelling, even though it is not a specific treatment for cellulite.
Are there any contraindications?
Yes. Lymphatic drainage is contraindicated in cases of cardiac oedema, peripheral artery disease, and infection. It may also be inadvisable if the person suffers from high blood pressure, neuropathy, diabetes, polyarthritis, or algodystrophy.
How many sessions are needed?
The number of sessions depends on the medical prescription and the patient's needs. A course of several sessions is often recommended, with the frequency adapted to the severity of the condition being treated. For patients suffering from chronic symptoms, lymphatic drainage can be combined with elastic compression. This prolongs the beneficial effects of manual drainage by preventing further accumulation of lymph in the tissues.